sorry for asking some tools/utils in other thread which may cause a leak. forget about the tools or utils, can someone give a direction on the algorithms or detail inside how to patch the TU correctly? I don't think there are many people interested in it, and it won't cause a leak. I tried the normal ways but not working for some TUs, some one told me I need to patch the xex by hand, even within the original PE. that could be complicated, can someone give some even a little detail? I tried to disassemble the xex by IDA, but no clues where to modify. Do I have to trace the error then correct it? that would be so hard without a way to debug, even I can debug, I don't have the sources, I can't recompile the program. All I can do is to edit the hex. can somebody give me some clue? Thanks!