Yep, almost everything is in Japanese. There are a few emulation related documents in English. The x68k document translated well enough to understand it.
Oh, on a related note, I wasn't aware of any freely available way to run code on the CD-i, nor of any technical docs!
The CDi disk is an unprotected CD, with a 'special' disk format. The VCD toolkit, and a few tools on http://www.icdia.co.uk/ can create the disks. (You need master, tocsplit, and a few support DLLs). Here a link to the forum post that has links to the tools (http://www.cdinteractive.co.uk/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1950). The greenbook can be found online pretty easily. And, CDifan, author of the CD-i Emulator, distributed source code that is a good start. cdidev's page (http://cdidev.tripod.com/apprent.htm) contains a decent overview of how The Apprentice was developed, giving a nice glimpse into the CDi architecture. Ernest Adams wrote a nice article about CDi development (http://cdinteractive.co.uk/forum/viewtopic.php?t=5&sid=e572d75602c6bbb12c03e74973e75f07). I posted some more links on the CDinteractive.co.uk forums (http://www.cdinteractive.co.uk/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1949) The CD-i Emulator has decent debugging support. The source code for the balboa libraries are also available. I didn't start looking into these until the end of the project, when I was trying to solve an issue on a 605 player. I released a simplified version of the Frog Feast source code on http://cdidev.emuvibes.com/ Some of the startup code is based on code created by CDifan. He was also invaluable in piecing all of the information together, and answering a ton of questions. The info is out there, it just takes quite an effort to piece it all together.